Mikorobe duhura na zo tukivuka zishobora kuturinda indwara zikomeye
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwakozwe n’abahanga bo mu Bwongereza bwerekanye ko guhura n’imikorobe runaka mu masaha ya mbere y’ubuzima wavutse bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kurinda umubiri wawe indwara, cyane cyane izibasira abana bato.
Ibi byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwiswe “Baby Biome Study”, bwakorewe ku bana 1,082 mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’amavuko yabo. Abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya UCL (University College London) n’Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Sanger Institute bafashe isuzuma ryihariye ku mirongo ya DNA iva mu mazuru y’abo bana, bareba ubwoko bw’imikorobe (microbes) zari mu mibiri yabo.
Umubiri w’umuntu iyo ukivuka uba utarimo mikoroben’imwe. Nyuma y’iminota mike gusa, ahantu hose ku mubiri haba hatangiye kubonekamo ibinyabuzima bitandukanye – harimo bagiteri, virusi n’ifirunga – bigize icyo bita microbiome. Iyo microbiome y’umubiri niyo itangira kuganisha ku mikorere y’ubudahangarwa (système immunitaire) butuma turwanya indwara.
Kamwe mu tunyabuzima twagaragajwe nk’inkingi y’ingenzi ni Bifidobacterium longum. Abana bari bafite ubu bwoko bwa mikorobe mu mibiri yabo, byagaragaye ko 4% gusa aribo barwaraga bikabaviramo kujyanwa mu bitaro bazize indwara zandura mu myanya y’ubuhumekero. Abatari bafite iyo mikorobe, bari bafite ibyago byikuba gatatu byo kurwara bikomeye no kujyanwa mu bitaro.
Prof. Nigel Field wa UCL avuga ko ari ubwa mbere habonetse ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana uko mikorobe yinjira mu mubiri w’umwana n’ingaruka igira ku mibereho ye. Ati: “Ni igitangaza! Kugaragaza uruhare izi mikorobe zigira ku mubiri utangiye gukura ni intambwe ikomeye mu buvuzi bw’abana bato.”
B.Longum bivugwa ko ituruka ku mafunguro ya mbere umwana afata, cyane cyane iyo yonsa. Iyo mikorobe ifasha mu gukura k’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, ariko abashakashatsi baracyashakisha uburyo nyabwo ikoramo.
Abana bavutse mu buryo busanzwe (baciye mu gitsina) basanzwe bahura n’iyi mikorobe myiza ugereranyije n’abavutse babazwe (cesarienne). Ariko si abana bose bavutse mu buryo busanzwe bahita babona izo mikorobe zitanga ubudahangarwa.
Abashakashatsi barimo gutekereza uko mikorobe nk’izi zashyirwa mu mafunguro y’abana bato, nk’uko probiotic ikoreshwa mu mata y’abana, kugira ngo bafashwe kugira ubudahangarwa bukwiye hakiri kare.
Prof. Louise Kenny wo muri Kaminuza ya Liverpool, inzobere mu kuvura abagore batwite no kubafasha kubyara, avuga ko nubwo kubyara neza bifasha umwana kugira microbiome nziza, bitavuze ko cesarienne itari uburyo bwiza: “Ni uburyo bwizewe bushobora kurinda umubyeyi n’umwana. Ariko ubu bushakashatsi butanga icyizere cyo gukoresha ubundi buryo bw’ubuvuzi bufasha abana bose kugira ubudahangarwa bwuzuye.”